Parts of London have higher rates of tuberculosis than Rwanda or Iraq, a report from the London Assembly says.
A third of London’s boroughs suffer from high rates of TB, with more than 40 incidents per 100,000 people, BBC website reported.
Some wards in Brent, Ealing, Harrow, Hounslow and Newham have rates of more than 150 per 100,000.
The report said prisoners, homeless people, people with substance abuse issues, refugees and migrants were particularly at risk.
Although the BCG vaccination against TB is recommended for all newborn babies in London, eight of the 24 boroughs do not offer it.
The rate of infection among UK-born Londoners has risen, while among the non-UK-born it has fallen - and the report said it would be wrong to assume TB was a disease of migrants.
The borough with the highest rate per 100,000 people was Newham, with 107 cases. Figures for 2013 from the World Health Organization (WHO) showed in Rwanda the figure was 69, while in Iraq it was 45.
Algeria and Guatemala also had a lower incidence than London, the reports points out.
The average rate per 100,000 in the UK as a whole was 13.
A few strains of the disease are now resistant to antibiotic treatment and the cost of treating them can be as high as £500,000 per patient.
Poor housing, chronic ill health and poor nutrition trigger latent TB into active TB.
Specific health complaints, including diabetes and HIV, weaken the immune system - the capital has high rates of both.
More than 80% of London TB cases occur in people who were born abroad. It is not known how many people arrive with latent TB and it is not deemed cost-effective to screen for it.
The London Assembly is calling on Mayor Boris Johnson to educate Londoners about TB, saying many people are unaware of how it spreads.
Prevention Poor
More than half of those surveyed thought spitting could transmit it. In fact, TB is usually spread by close and prolonged contact with someone who is coughing and sneezing.
“Prevention is poor and awareness low, even among the medical profession itself,” said Dr Onkar Sahota, the chairman of the assembly’s health committee.
He described the treatment for drug-resistant strains as “expensive, complicated and terribly gruelling”.
“The quality of care for TB sufferers also varies across the capital,” he said.
About seven Londoners develop TB symptoms (which include persistent coughing, weight loss and tiredness) every day.
Two billion people worldwide are thought to have latent TB infection, but many will never develop active TB unless their immune systems are compromised.
TB patients must take antibiotics daily for six months.
Those with drug-resistant strains are prescribed an average of 19 pills a day - 14,000 altogether.
They can have severe, life-altering side effects, including nerve damage, kidney and liver impairment, and loss of sight or hearing.
