EU, UN in Partnership to Preserve Iran Deal

A top EU diplomat reiterated the bloc’s intention to continue defending the 2015 Iran nuclear deal as an outstanding achievement of multilateral diplomacy in collaboration with the United Nations. 
In a statement on the occasion of United Nations Day on Wednesday, European Union foreign policy chief, Federica Mogherini, highlighted EU's strong partnership with the UN, saying that the two international bodies "have been, are and will be the strongest champions of dialogue and cooperation". 
"This is why we will continue to defend multilateral diplomacy and its achievements, from the Iran nuclear deal to the Paris agreement on climate change, and to support the essential work of all UN agencies," she said, implicitly referring to the United States that has abandoned both international accords. 
The senior European official stressed that the EU is required by its partners and feels obliged to preserve "multilateralism and a rules-based international order with a strong UN at its core" since they are challenged now more than ever, the EEAS website reported. 

US Unilateralism

The United States, a permanent member of the UN Security Council, has been spearheading unilateralism by withdrawing from international accords and agencies, a significant example of which was the nuclear deal signed between Iran and major world powers in 2015, formally named the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. 
In addition to pulling his country out of the agreement, US President Donald Trump has been taking further steps to scupper the deal by imposing sanctions not only on Tehran, but also countries that continue to do business with Iran. 
Nevertheless, the remaining parties, with the EU at the forefront, have campaigned to salvage the agreement both by offering political support and devising strategies to bypass the sanctions and safeguard Iran's interests. 
A Special Purpose Vehicle has been the most significant system proposed by the EU to circumvent the US restrictions. 
"The SPV aims to keep trade flowing even if possible US sanctions hit Tehran," Mogherini had said earlier. 
In a September meeting with Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif, she confirmed that the SPV will be developed before Nov. 4, when the next round of sanctions targeting Iran's oil and banking sectors are scheduled to take effect.