Iran’s unemployment rate, the proportion of the jobless population of ages 15 and above, stood at 8.2% in the first quarter of the current Iranian year (March 21-June 21), indicating a 1% year-on-year decline, according to a new report by the Statistical Center of Iran.
A total of 2.16 million Iranians were unemployed in Q1.
Men’s unemployment stood at 6.8% while the rate for women hovered around 14.8%.
Over 1.49 million men and 673,071 women of ages 15 and above were jobless in Q1.
The unemployment rate was 9% for urban areas (1.81 million people) and 5.6% for rural areas (353,929 people).
Labor Force Participation, Youth Unemployment
SCI put the Q1 labor force participation rate — the proportion of the population of ages 15 and above that is economically active (either employed or looking for a job) — at 41.2% or 26.46 million people, registering a 0.3% increase year-on-year.
Men’s and women’s economic participation rates were 68.3% and 14.1% respectively in the same period.
A total of 21.93 million men and 4.53 million women of ages 15 and above were economically active in Q1.
The center provides two figures for the youth unemployment rate: the proportion of the population between 15 and 24 years and those between 18 and 35 years.
The youth unemployment rate of those between 15 and 24 years stood at 21.6% in Q1, posting a 2.4% decrease while the unemployment rate of those between 18 and 35 years stood at 15.5%, posting an decrease of 1.1% YOY.
Underemployment, Graduate Unemployment, Employment
Underemployment, the condition in which people in a labor force are employed for less than 44 hours of service per week, stood at 8.3%, down 1.4% year-on-year and was higher for men and those living in rural areas.
The Q1 underemployment rate for men and women stood at 9% and 4.4%, respectively, while it was 7.1% for urban areas and 11.9% for rural areas.
The unemployment rate for university graduates stood at 12.1% in Q1, posting a 1.1% decrease YOY. Higher education unemployment rate for men stood at 8.1% and that of women stuck around 21%.
The share of higher education unemployment from the total unemployed population was 40.8% in Q1, which indicates an increase of 1.1% year-on-year.
The unemployment shares of male and female graduates from the total unemployed population stood at 27.7% and 69.8%, respectively, while the share of higher education unemployment from the total unemployed population was 42.8% in urban areas and 30.7% in rural areas during the period.
Employment is defined as persons of working age engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to a temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement.
The total Q1 employment rate was 37.8% (24.3 million), up 0.7% compared with the same quarter of the last Iranian year. Employment rates for men and women were 63.7% and 12%, respectively, which constituted 20.43 million men and 3.86 million women in Q1.
The employment rate was 36.8% (18.35 million people) in urban areas and 41.2% (5.95 million) in rural areas.
The share of employment of university graduates stood at 26.5% of the total employed population, wherein male and female graduate employment rates were 22.9% and 45.7%, respectively. In urban and rural areas, graduate employment rates stood at 32.3% and 8.7% of the total number of job-holders, respectively.
Q1 statistics show that 39.8% of the country’s labor force worked more than 49 hours per week, indicating a 0.5% decrease over the same period of last year.
Sectoral Review
The services sector employed 51.3% of the Iranian employed population (12.47 million), 0.1% higher than the corresponding period of last year, whereas industrial and agricultural sectors provided 33.1% and 15.5% of jobs respectively.
Over 8.04 million were employed in the industrial sector, up 0.4% year-on-year, while 3.77 million worked in agriculture, posting a 0.5% decrease YOY.
The services sector consists of wholesale and retail trade; restaurants and hotels; transport, storage and communications; financing, insurance, real-estate and business services; as well as community, social, education, health and personal services.
The sector employed 10.18 million men and 2.28 million women in the three-month period, such that 7.06 million men and 980,478 women were working in the industrial sector and 3.17 million men and 598,421 women worked in the agriculture sector.
Services accounted for 59.2% or 10.87 million of all jobs in urban areas and 26.9% or 1.63 million of jobs in rural areas. The industrial sector made up 34.8% or 6.38 million of the jobs in urban areas and comprised 27.9% or 1.65 million of employment in rural areas.
This is while 5.9% or 1.08 million of the total jobs in urban areas and 45.3% or 2.69 million of the jobs in rural areas were in the agriculture sector.
Provincial Review
Zanjan Province saw the lowest unemployment rate of 4.9% among all Iranian provinces in Q1 while Sistan-Baluchestan registered the highest unemployment rate of 12.5%.
Seven provinces, namely Kermanshah (10.2%), Kurdestan (10.4%), Khuzestan (11.2%), Chaharmahal-Bakhtiari (11.9%), Hormozgan (12.1%), Lorestan (12.4%) and Sistan-Baluchestan (12.5%), registered double-digit unemployment rates for people of ages 15 and above in Q1.
Zanjan had the highest labor force participation rate (50.9%) and Ilam had the lowest labor force participation rate (32.8%), whereas Tehran registered a 40% participation rate in Q1. The former also registered the highest employment rate of 48.4% while Ilam and Sistan-Baluchestan each filed the lowest employment rate of 30.6% among all Iranian provinces. Tehran’s employment rate stood at 36.9%.
